mrs. sliver":3mzqbnyh said:
...snip.. how do you mack it so smoothee and shiny all over
Sharp tools for starters and a good bevel contact.
But that is an ideal world answer really and does not take into account that most pieces of wood grew up supporting a tree with no consideration for the taking of a nice shiny polish on all facets.
Try using sanding sealer on the endgrain before taking final cut, sometimes it works whilst still moist, other times after it has dried and is supporting the fibres. The endgrain fibres if not cut cleanly have a tendency to 'pull out' and (blunt razor syndrome---ask Sliver) once this happens the visual defect can be seen quite deep below the surface and can be difficult to remove without taking off more material, which again can be a lottery as to whether that cut will be better.
If the piece is to be oiled then wet with oil before final cut.
Soft finishing wax as a lubricant might help.
Do not try to remove all rogue grain or minor defects with machine sanding (lathe turning) I often spend 80% of the finishing time hand sanding spots.
Remember "Sand With The Grain" is the final criteria for hiding scratches and blemishes.
If an area is very rough and appears porous, try applying sanding sealer or finishing oil whilst abrading the spot with fine abrasive, this will fill the holes, whether the resultant finish is acceptable or not is your choice, but often once the sealer/oil has hardened it will polish up to an acceptable level.
Note all the above comments are made as a hobby turner, who spends his days in a love hate relationship with bits of spinning wood and what I do may make a professional weep.
